What is the definition of "dementia"?

The definition of dementia is accurately captured by the choice that describes it as a decline in cognitive function affecting daily life. Dementia encompasses a range of symptoms associated with a progressive decline in cognitive abilities, such as memory loss, impaired reasoning, and difficulties with language and problem-solving. These cognitive challenges significantly impact a person’s ability to perform everyday activities, manage their personal care, and interact socially, which makes functioning in daily life increasingly difficult.

In contrast, temporary loss of memory does not encompass the full scope of dementia, as dementia is characterized by persistent and worsening cognitive challenges, not fleeting memory lapses. The statement that dementia solely affects physical movement fails to recognize that it primarily involves cognitive processes, rather than being a condition limited to physical symptoms. Lastly, describing dementia as an emotional disorder without physical symptoms is misleading, as dementia has clear cognitive components and can coexist with emotional and behavioral changes, but it is primarily defined by cognitive decline. Therefore, the choice that highlights the impact on cognitive function in daily life best captures the essence of dementia.